The Chicago Manual of Style is a guide to publication developed and promoted by the University of Chicago Press. It is most often used by historians, but also widely used in the humanities and social sciences. Its intent is to provide a complete guide to writing for scholarly publication.
The Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations by Kate L. Turabian, also published by the University of Chicago Press, is a somewhat simplified version of the Chicago style, used by students in the humanities, fine arts, and social sciences to write academic papers that are not intended for publication.